How renewable production depresses electricity prices: Evidence from the German market

Authors

Cyril Martin de Lagarde, Frédéric Lantz

Abstract

The urgency of climate change has led several countries to develop renewable energy in order to reduce
CO2 emissions, through the means of various subsidies. In the electricity sector, one drawback of such
policies is the negative impact on electricity prices, known as the merit-order effect. This paper aims at
assessing how intermittent renewable production depresses electricity prices in Germany, which has experienced
a significant increase of its renewable capacity over the last two decades. To do so, we use a tworegime
Markov switching model, that enables to disentangle the impact of wind and solar generation,
depending on the price being high or low. We find as expected that renewable production induces a negative
marginal effect, which is stronger in regimes of relatively high prices. In addition, we show that
both wind and solar productions have a significant impact on the distribution of prices, and in particular
on the frequency and expected duration of each regime. This has implications in terms of market design,
security of supply, and support mechanisms for renewables.

Energy Policy 117, 2018